1800例女性阴道分泌物检测分析

目的分析北京丰台地区女性阴道感染情况。方法随机抽取2010年1月至2010年8月期间在北京市丰台区铁营医院就诊女性1800例,采用湿片镜检方法对就诊者的阴道分泌物进行检测。结果通过对1800患者的阴道分泌物进行检测发现,检出细菌性阴道病(BV)患者、外阴阴道念珠菌病(VVC)患者、滴虫性阴道炎(TV)患者共计887例(占总数的49.28%),其中单一性感染718例(占发病人数的80.95%),混合感染169例(占发病人数的19.05%)。结论细菌性阴道病的发病率较高,阴道混合感染日趋严重。及时正确的检测出阴道感染的病原菌、合理用药,是阴道感染提高治愈率、降低复发率的有效手段。     

Lectins of living organisms. The overview

Occurrence, organization, and functioning of lectins as well as their current classifications are under investigation. Results indicate importance of symbiotic lectins for clinical microecology. Lectins and lectin-based approaches have wide perspectives for medical biotechnology. Lectin terms, relationships between lectins and enzymes are discussed.     

普贝生用于足月妊娠促宫颈成熟的疗效观察

目的：探讨普贝生促进宫颈成熟,提高足月妊娠经阴道分娩的有效性和安全性。方法：120例足月妊娠的未临产孕妇随机分为试验组与对照组,其中试验组50例给予阴道后穹隆置入普贝生1～2次,对照组50例给予小剂量催产素静脉滴注,比较两组宫颈成熟度,分娩情况及对于产妇、新生儿的影响。结果：①试验组宫颈Bishop评分增加3．81±1．04,对照组增加3．09±1．15,两组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）②试验组促宫颈成熟的显效率为78．33％,总有效率为91．67％,高于对照组35．00％显效率和63．33％总有效率（P〈0．01）。③试验组阴道分娩率73．33％,进入产程时间（34．19±13．20）h,产程（8．47±2．68）h,对照组阴道分娩率41．67％,进入产程时间（52．14±16．05）h,产程（12．25±3．73）h,两组间比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01或0．05）。④试验组产后出血量（225．31±67．80）ml,新生儿体重（3369．48±311．65）g,Apgar评分9．52±0．39,对照组产后出血量（232．44±75．76）ml,新生儿体重（3417．63±359．68）g,Apgar评分9．48±0．47,两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：普贝生可有效促进足月妊娠产妇的宫颈成熟．提高经阴道引产成功率,降低剖宫产率,且安全性好,对母儿影响小。     

谷氨酰胺对急进高原大鼠肠道微生态影响的实验研究

目的探讨谷氨酰胺对急进高原大鼠小肠黏膜形态结构及肠道微生态的影响。方法W istar大鼠50只,随机分为5组:对照组(A组)、3848米未干预组(B组)、3848米谷氨酰胺干预组(C组)、4767米未干预组(D组)和4767米谷氨酰胺干预组(E组),每组10只,急进海拔3848米和4767米造成大鼠急性缺氧模型,检测小肠黏膜上皮细胞形态结构、肠道菌群失衡及细菌易位的变化。结果高海拔缺氧组大鼠小肠黏膜变薄、肠黏膜水肿、绒毛短缩,肠道菌群失衡显著高于对照组(P0.05),且随着海拔升高,菌群失衡更明显。不同海拔高度细菌易位率也有差异。经谷氨酰胺干预后,肠道的菌群失衡及细菌易位率与高海拔缺氧组比较差异有显著性(P0.05)。结论急进高原缺氧环境可导致小肠黏膜损伤、肠道菌群失衡及细菌易位,肠黏膜屏障破坏,且随着海拔升高而上述改变更明显。谷氨酰胺具有保护肠黏膜屏障及调节肠道菌群失衡的作用。     

Energetic challenges unmask the role of ovarian hormones in orchestrating ingestive and sex behaviors

Effects of ovarian hormones on sex and ingestive behavior are well studied, and yet, their role in diverting attention from food to sex has not been examined directly, possibly because these functions are masked under conditions of excessive food abundance typical of the laboratory. Female Syrian hamsters were either fed ad libitum or food-restricted to 75% of their ad libitum intake for 8 days and then tested every day of the estrous cycle for their preference for males versus food, food hoarding and food intake in an apparatus designed to mimic aspects of their natural habitat. The food-restricted, but not the fed females, varied significantly over the estrous cycle in appetitive behaviors, which included their preference for males versus food and in the amount of food hoarded, with low food hoarding and high male preference on the night of ovulation. In contrast, there were no significant differences between restricted and ad libitum-fed females in the consummatory behaviors, namely, food intake or lordosis duration. In ovariectomized females, estradiol plus progesterone treatment delayed food restriction-stimulated hoarding and hastened feeding-inhibited hoarding without affecting food intake or lordosis duration. In summary, energy restriction and the presence of males unmasked an effect that was obscured in the normal laboratory conditions characterized by isolation and an over abundance of readily available food. These results are consistent with the idea that ovarian hormones orchestrate appetites for food and sex to optimize reproductive success under fluctuating energetic conditions.     

Regulation of gonadotropin secretion and puberty onset by neuromedin U

Neuromedin U (NMU), an anorexigenic peptide, was originally isolated from porcine spinal cord in 1985. As NMU is abundant in the anterior pituitary gland, we investigated the effects of NMU on gonadotropin secretion. Both NMU and its receptors, NMUR1 and NMUR2, were expressed in the pituitary gland. NMU suppressed LH and FSH releases from rat anterior pituitary cells. Moreover, NMU-deficient mice exhibit an early onset of vaginal opening. The LHbeta/FSHbeta ratio, which is an index of puberty onset, is high in young NMU-deficient mice. These results indicate that NMU suppresses gonadotropin secretion and regulates the onset of puberty.     

Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in posthysterectomy infection

We report a patient with clinically significant vaginal posthysterectomy infection due to Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. The microorganism isolated from the vaginal cuff abscess was beta-lactamase producer and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern showed its resistance to piperacillin-tazobactam and cefoxitin, while the susceptibility to amoxicillin associated with clavulanic acid, metronidazole, and the newer fluoroquinolone moxifloxacin was confirmed.     

妊娠晚期腹腔注射酸性磷酸缓冲液对两个近交系小鼠繁育生理影响的对比分析

目的对比分析妊娠晚期腹腔注射缓冲液对近交系SPF级C57BL/6J（B6）和BALB/c（B/c）小鼠繁育生理的影响。方法 B6和B/c小鼠随机、全同胞兄妹2∶1/1∶1（♀/♂）过夜同居交配,观察交配方式、阴栓与受孕率的关系;受孕鼠在妊娠的第17.5天（妊娠0d=交配后当天）接受腹腔注射酸性磷酸缓冲液,观察注射对母鼠及胚胎的作用及子鼠从离乳到8周的早期生长发育情况。结果 B6较B/c雌鼠的受孕率高（29.4%vs.21.1%[2∶1],33.2%vs.29.7%[1∶1]）;交配后10 d～14 d,根据雌鼠增大的腹部、结合体重来判断受孕较观察阴栓更为准确;比较而言,妊娠晚期腹腔注射对B6母鼠及胚胎的影响较大,表现在离乳子鼠数量减少（4.7±3.1 vs.6.1±2.1,P=0.231）,离乳时两性别的子鼠体重（g,雌性：11.7±1.1 vs.12.7±1.5;雄性：12.8±1.3 vs.13.6±1.5）显著降低（P均〈0.05）及两品系子鼠早期生长发育的方式显著不同（P=0.000）。结论近交系小鼠繁殖生理存在品系差异;两品系受孕鼠对妊娠晚期腹腔注射的耐受不同,并可能影响实验动物产后的哺乳过程及子鼠的早期生长发育。     

阴道微生态评价指标监测下治疗细菌性阴道病

目的 了解BV及RBV患者的阴道微生态被彻底恢复与未被彻底恢复停药后的远期复发率差异.方法 137例BV患者(其中RBV 48例)被随机分成A、B两组.A组67例(其中RBV 19例),B组70例(其中RBV 29例).A组治疗至Amsel正常、Nugent评分≤3分、阴道菌群密集度Ⅱ～Ⅲ度且乳酸杆菌占明显优势、H2O2≥2μmol/L时停药;B组治疗至Amsel正常时停药.A、B两组停药后均随访6个月.结果 A组随访6个月复发率为22.39％、但B组高达63.08％.A组中BV患者随访6个月复发率为18.75％、B组为33.33％.A组中RBV患者随访2个月复发率为31.58％、但B组高达86.21％,随访3个月时B组全部复发.结论 动态监测阴道微生态评价指标,能客观指导临床BV治疗.BV患者、尤其RBV患者经个体化治疗,积极彻底恢复阴道微生态环境,明显降低了其远期复发率.     

乳杆菌优良菌株的筛选及对小鼠阴道白假丝酵母菌过度增殖干预

目的探讨乳杆菌优良菌株的筛选及其对小鼠阴道白假丝酵母菌过度增殖干预作用。方法对德氏乳杆菌DM8909菌株进行诱变筛选,得到耐抗生素突变株208,以ICR小鼠为实验对象,用甲硝唑进行小鼠阴道菌群脱污染,将白假丝酵母菌接种到小鼠阴道内,构建小鼠阴道白假丝酵母菌过度增殖模型。采用阴道接种德氏乳杆菌DM8909突变株208菌液（2×108CFU/mL）处理,取其阴道冲洗液进行阴道菌群分析,并进行阴道上皮细胞的电镜检查。结果乳杆菌干预后显著清除阴道内的假丝酵母菌,肠杆菌恢复正常水平,与模型组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论德氏乳杆菌DM8909抗性菌株208能调整白假丝酵母菌在小鼠阴道内定植,对小鼠阴道上皮细胞有恢复作用。